Background It has already been found that very small embyronic-like stem cells (VSELs) are present in adult human being cells and organs. of these cells. In spite of that small putative ovarian stem cells indicated several genes related to primordial germ cells (PGCs) pluripotency and germinal lineage including was strongly expressed in small putative ovarian stem cells; in both hESCs and fibroblasts it was significantly down-regulated. In addition putative ovarian stem cells indicated additional Fumalic acid (Ferulic acid) PGC-related genes such as and and or and and (((and and and in small putative ovarian stem cells and and (Table? 1 Fumalic acid (Ferulic acid) On the other hand there was one gene – – down-regulated in small putative ovarian stem cells. The manifestation of genes related to pluripotency was not Fumalic acid (Ferulic acid) detected in the whole trypsinized ovarian cell tradition which included an abundant autologous ovarian fibroblast coating (Number ?(Figure1212). Number 12 Heatmap expressions (excerpt) of genes up-regulated in human being embryonic stem cells (hESCs) including genes related to pluripotency in comparison with FACS-sorted small putative ovarian stem cells (OSCs) with non-sorted ovarian cell cultures released … Number 13 The expressions of genes (normalized and log2-transformed intensities) Fumalic acid (Ferulic acid) related to pluripotency embryonic stem cells and embryogenesis in FACS-isolated small putative ovarian stem cells (OSCs) in comparison with human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and … Table 1 Differences in the expressions of genes (normalized and log2-transformed intensities) related to pluripotency embryonic stem cells and embryogenesis in FACS-isolated small putative ovarian stem cells (OSCs) in comparison with fibroblasts (FBs) revealed … Expression of genes related to primordial germ cellsMicroarray analysis showed that the primordial germ cell (PGC)-related gene (was significantly down-regulated at the log ratio?CD300C (and were up-regulated in hESCs. From the heatmap presenting the expression of genes up-regulated in hESCs it can be seen that the FACS-sorted SSEA-4-positive small putative ovarian stem cells significantly expressed several genes related to pluripotency and embryogenesis while human adult fibroblasts did not express or weakly expressed most of genes which were up-regulated in hESCs (Figure ?(Figure1212). Comparison of fibroblasts to small putative ovarian stem cellsWhen human adult fibroblasts were compared to small putative ovarian stem cells the proportion of differently expressed genes was significantly higher than in hESCs. Fibroblasts had 239 down-regulated genes and 1 84 up-regulated genes in comparison with FACS-isolated SSEA-4-positive small putative ovarian stem cells as revealed by DGA analysis (FBs vs. OSCs). In fibroblasts the gene encoding the surface antigen CD133 was significantly down-regulated (p?=?3.78E-02) at the log ratio?